Supportive Therapy in OncologySupportive Therapy in OncologyПоддерживающая терапия в онкологии3034-24733034-3178Publishing House ABV Press1610.17650/3034-2473-2024-1-2-32-44REVIEWSОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИPrevention and treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis during chemotherapyПрофилактика и лечение канцер-ассоциированных тромбозов при проведении химиотерапииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1836-0851KorolevaI. A.КоролеваИ. А.
Russian Federation

Irina Albertovna Koroleva

227 Chapaevskaya St., Samara 443001

Ирина Альбертовна Королева

 443001 Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 227

korolevaia_samara@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2783-9493KoppM. V.КоппМ. В.
Russian Federation

227 Chapaevskaya St., Samara 443001

 443001 Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 227

Medical University “Reaviz”ЧУОО ВО «Медицинский университет «Реавиз»150720241232440210202402102024Copyright ©; 2024, Koroleva I.A., Kopp M.V.Copyright ©; 2024, Королева И.А., Копп М.В.2024Koroleva I.A., Kopp M.V.Королева И.А., Копп М.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://stio.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/16

In patients with malignant neoplasms, the incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) is 4–7 times higher than in the general population. The presence of distant metastases of solid tumors increases the risk of VTE. Most often, VTE develops in pancreatic and stomach cancers. Chemotherapy increases the risk of VTE development. Low-molecular-weight heparin and direct oral anticoagulants are used for the treatment of VTE in patients receiving chemotherapy.

Prior to the start of chemotherapy, it is necessary to assess the risk of VTE development using the Khorana risk score. Outpatient patients with high-risk cancer (Khorana score >3 before the start of a new systemic chemotherapy regimen) may be prescribed thromboprophylaxis.

У пациентов со злокачественными новообразованиями частота возникновения симптомных венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений (ВТЭО) в 4–7 раз выше, чем в общей популяции. Наличие отдаленных метастазов при солидных опухолях повышает риск венозных тромбозов. Наиболее часто ВТЭО развиваются при раке поджелудочной железы и раке желудка. Химиотерапия увеличивает риск развития ВТЭО. Для их лечения при проведении химиотерапии используют низкомолекулярные гепарины и прямые оральные антикоагулянты. Перед началом химиотерапии необходимо оценить риск развития ВТЭО, используя шкалу Khorana. Амбулаторным пациентам с раком высокого риска (сумма баллов по шкале Khorana ≥3 до начала нового режима системной химиотерапии) может быть назначена профилактика ВТЭО.

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